The 4 Cs of a diamond refer to the four key characteristics that determine the quality and value of a diamond:
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Cut: The cut of a diamond refers to the way in which the diamond has been shaped and polished to reflect light. A well-cut diamond will have a bright, sparkling appearance, while a poorly cut diamond may appear dull.
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Clarity: Clarity refers to the presence or absence of blemishes and inclusions within a diamond. A diamond with a high clarity rating will be free of visible blemishes and inclusions, while a diamond with a lower clarity rating may have more visible blemishes and inclusions.
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Color: The color of a diamond is rated on a scale from D (colorless) to Z (yellow). A diamond with a higher color rating will be closer to colorless, while a diamond with a lower color rating may have a slight yellow or brown hue.
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Carat weight: Carat weight refers to the size of a diamond, and is measured in carats. The larger the diamond, the higher its carat weight and the more valuable it is likely to be.
These four characteristics are used to evaluate the quality and value of a diamond, and are often used in conjunction with each other to determine the overall quality of a diamond.